{"id":162478,"date":"2025-12-15T10:23:15","date_gmt":"2025-12-15T07:23:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/buletin.de\/bucuresti\/?p=162478"},"modified":"2025-12-15T11:04:56","modified_gmt":"2025-12-15T08:04:56","slug":"de-la-autostrada-suspendata-la-parcul-suspendat-costul-real-al-fanteziilor-de-la-noua-gara-de-nord","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buletin.de\/bucuresti\/de-la-autostrada-suspendata-la-parcul-suspendat-costul-real-al-fanteziilor-de-la-noua-gara-de-nord\/","title":{"rendered":"De la \u201eAutostrada suspendat\u0103\u201d la \u201eParcul suspendat\u201d. Costul real al fanteziilor de la noua Gar\u0103 de Nord"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bucure\u0219tiul are o rela\u021bie complicat\u0103 cu gravita\u021bia, cel pu\u021bin \u00een campaniile electorale. Dac\u0103 memoria ultimelor dou\u0103 decenii nu v-a fost \u0219tears\u0103 de ritmul haotic al tranzi\u021biei, cu siguran\u021b\u0103 v\u0103 aminti\u021bi de \u201eAutostrada suspendat\u0103\u201d a lui Sorin Oprescu. Acea promisiune faraonic\u0103, menit\u0103 s\u0103 rezolve traficul printr-o simpl\u0103 ridicare de la sol, a r\u0103mas o himer\u0103. Totu\u0219i, costurile studiilor de fezabilitate, timpul pierdut \u0219i energia administrativ\u0103 consumat\u0103 au fost c\u00e2t se poate de reale. Iar acum, Prim\u0103ria Capitalei a scos din joben un nou proiect fantasmagoric: un parc suspendat de la noua Gar\u0103 de Nord<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

O analiz\u0103 de Victor Me\u0219ter<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Pe h\u00e2rtie, sau mai bine zis \u00een rand\u0103rile 3D colorate care inund\u0103 re\u021belele sociale, totul arat\u0103 spectaculos: verdea\u021b\u0103 luxuriant\u0103, promenade futuriste, o oaz\u0103 de lini\u0219te plutind deasupra peroanelor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar dac\u0103 e s\u0103 cobor\u00e2m privirea la nivelul solului, realitatea G\u0103rii de Nord este un amestec brutal de degradare, haos func\u021bional \u0219i improviza\u021bie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 discrepan\u021b\u0103 flagrant\u0103 \u00eentre solu\u021biile de tip \u201efoc de artificii\u201d \u0219i problemele structurale, dureroase ale ora\u0219ului este subiectul celei mai recente analize<\/a> pe care am realizat-o pentru Institutul Quartet<\/a>, un think tank bucure\u0219tean, prin care vreau s\u0103 pun degetul pe ran\u0103: Bucure\u0219tiul este prizonierul unui model economic politicianist. Iar pre\u021bul acestui model \u00eel pl\u0103tim noi to\u021bi, \u00een ore pierdute \u00een trafic, \u00een oportunit\u0103\u021bi economice ratate \u0219i \u00eentr-un ora\u0219 care refuz\u0103 s\u0103 se maturizeze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CITE\u0218TE \u0218I: Peste 8.000 de oameni \u00een mar\u0219ul \u201e\u00cempreun\u0103 pentru Justi\u021bie!\u201d, din Pia\u021ba Universit\u0103\u021bii spre Pia\u021ba Victoriei<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Noua Gar\u0103 de Nord. Capcana solu\u021biei \u00eenaintea problemei<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Gara de Nord este principala poart\u0103 feroviar\u0103 a \u021b\u0103rii, tranzitat\u0103 zilnic de peste 50.000 de c\u0103l\u0103tori \u0219i 172 de trenuri. Cu toate acestea, ea func\u021bioneaz\u0103 dup\u0103 un design de secol XIX, de tip \u201eterminus\u201d. Aceast\u0103 configura\u021bie de cap\u0103t de linie, neschimbat\u0103 de la Regele Carol I \u00eencoace, este un handicap major pentru ora\u0219. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trenurile trebuie s\u0103 intre \u00een complex, s\u0103 opreasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 ias\u0103 din nou, manevr\u0103 care g\u00e2tuie\u0219te \u00eentregul trafic feroviar \u0219i face imposibil\u0103 o conexiune fluid\u0103, \u00een special cu sudul \u021b\u0103rii. \u00cen loc s\u0103 abord\u0103m aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 de fond, care \u021bine de inginerie \u0219i planificare strategic\u0103, administra\u021bia propune \u201eregenerare urban\u0103\u201d prin decuparea unor buc\u0103\u021bi de proiecte vizibile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Studiul de caz asupra G\u0103rii de Nord ilustreaz\u0103 perfect mecanismul democra\u021biei originale rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti \u00een materie de investi\u021bii.<\/strong> Procesul este invariabil acela\u0219i. Apare o problem\u0103 real\u0103 \u0219i vizibil\u0103, precum mizeria \u0219i insecuritatea din zona g\u0103rii. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un politician simte oportunitatea electoral\u0103 \u0219i nevoia de a livra ceva \u201ewow\u201d. Imediat, se inventeaz\u0103 o solu\u021bie grandioas\u0103, de cele mai multe ori peste noapte, f\u0103r\u0103 studii de impact, f\u0103r\u0103 date de trafic \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 o analiz\u0103 cost-beneficiu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Solu\u021bia este apoi v\u00e2ndut\u0103 electoratului ca pe o minune pe care doar respectivul lider o poate \u00eenf\u0103ptui. Rezultatul este c\u0103 prioritiz\u0103m flamboaian\u021ba \u00een detrimentul expertizei. Nu g\u00e2ndim sistemic, ci punctiform. Iar cel mai grav, arunc\u0103m resurse finite pe proiecte care dau bine la televizor, ignor\u00e2nd investi\u021biile critice care nu se v\u0103d, dar care ar face ora\u0219ul s\u0103 func\u021bioneze mult mai bine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"noua
Noua Gar\u0103 de Nord, randare prezentat\u0103 de viceprimarul Stelian Bujduveanu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Haosul de la sol versus lini\u0219tea din rand\u0103ri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00cenainte s\u0103 vis\u0103m la gr\u0103dini suspendate, o simpl\u0103 plimbare la fa\u021ba locului ne arat\u0103 de ce funda\u021bia actual\u0103 este putred\u0103. Teoretic, Gara de Nord este un nod intermodal, locul unde trenul, metroul, autobuzul \u0219i tramvaiul ar trebui s\u0103 se \u00eentrep\u0103trund\u0103 cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen realitate, transferul \u00eentre aceste mijloace este o curs\u0103 cu obstacole, un exemplu de manual de \u201ea\u0219a nu\u201d. Autogara este o improviza\u021bie pe trotuar, unde autocarele blocheaz\u0103 benzile de circula\u021bie pentru a \u00eembarca pasageri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taxiurile se lupt\u0103 pentru spa\u021biu cu mijloacele de transport \u00een comun si cu masinile care \u201cdoar las\u0103 pe cineva\u201d \u00eentr-un conflict de trafic permanent, iar banda rulant\u0103 care ar trebui s\u0103 lege Gara de Nord de Gara Basarab a devenit un monument al de\u0219eurilor, nefunc\u021bional \u0219i ur\u00e2t mirositor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mai mult, conexiunea subteran\u0103 dintre Magistrala 1 \u0219i Magistrala 4 de metrou este o anomalie care taxeaz\u0103 c\u0103l\u0103torul suplimentar sau \u00eel oblig\u0103 la ocoli\u0219uri, iar sta\u021biile de tramvai de pe Bulevardul Dinicu Golescu nu au peroane, pun\u00e2nd \u00een pericol siguran\u021ba pasagerilor. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dac\u0103 ad\u0103ug\u0103m la acest tablou lipsa cronic\u0103 a parc\u0103rilor, cele 235 de locuri oficiale fiind o pic\u0103tur\u0103 \u00eentr-un ocean de cerere, \u00een\u021belegem c\u0103 un parc suspendat este echivalentul unei p\u0103l\u0103rii de lux pentru un pacient care are nevoie de opera\u021bie pe cord deschis. Analiza noastr\u0103 arat\u0103 clar c\u0103 dificult\u0103\u021bile sunt structurale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Traficul este generat de un mix necontrolat de func\u021biuni, birouri, reziden\u021bial, gar\u0103, spitale, care se canibalizeaz\u0103 reciproc \u00een lipsa unui management coerent. Acestea sunt probleme care se rezolv\u0103 prin planific\u0103re urban\u0103 \u0219i, nu cu desene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miliarde \u00eengropate \u00een tuneluri gre\u0219ite<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Modelul politicianist nu produce doar parcuri suspendate inutile, ci \u0219i infrastructur\u0103 gre\u0219it prioritizat\u0103, cu efecte pe decenii. Un exemplu dureros subliniat \u00een raport este frenezia metroului. \u00cen prezent, Bucure\u0219tiul investe\u0219te masiv \u00een Magistrala 6 (M6) spre Otopeni. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

De\u0219i conectarea aeroportului sun\u0103 drept o mi\u0219care strategic\u0103, exper\u021bii atrag aten\u021bia asupra redundan\u021bei acestui proiect. Avem deja un tren care leag\u0103 Gara de Nord de Aeroport. Cu o investi\u021bie minor\u0103 \u00een dublarea liniei pe un segment scurt \u0219i electrificare, trenul ar fi fost imbatabil ca timp \u0219i frecven\u021b\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen schimb, cheltuim miliarde de euro pentru un metrou care dubleaz\u0103 o func\u021biune existent\u0103, decizie luat\u0103 par\u021bial pentru a nu pierde un \u00eemprumut japonez care acoper\u0103 doar o frac\u021biune din cost, restul fiind povara bugetului de stat, o clasic\u0103 eroare de tip \u201esunk cost fallacy\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Similar, extinderea Magistralei 4 spre Gara Progresul este un alt proiect demarat heirupist. De\u0219i conectivitatea cartierelor Rahova-Ferentari este important\u0103, o viziune integrat\u0103 ar fi transformat acest coridor \u00eentr-un tunel feroviar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"noua
Noua Gar\u0103 de Nord, randare prezentat\u0103 de viceprimarul Stelian Bujduveanu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Un astfel de tunel ar fi rezolvat problema istoric\u0103 a G\u0103rii de Nord, transform\u00e2nd-o din sta\u021bie terminus \u00een sta\u021bie de tranzit. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ar fi permis trenuri directe de la Otopeni la Giurgiu \u0219i Ruse, cre\u00e2nd coloana vertebral\u0103 a unui tren metropolitan real, cu sta\u021bii \u00een interiorul ora\u0219ului. A fost aleas\u0103, \u00eens\u0103, solu\u021bia care a adus capital politic rapid unei prim\u0103rii de sector, ignor\u00e2nd interesul strategic al \u00eentregii zone metropolitane \u0219i perpetu\u00e2nd izolarea feroviar\u0103 a Bucure\u0219tiului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CITE\u0218TE \u0218I: 6,5 milioane de c\u0103l\u0103torii cu metroul din Drumul Taberei, \u00een 2025. Magistrala 5 \u00eenc\u0103 a\u0219teapt\u0103 trenurile noi<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Noua Gar\u0103 de Nord. Solu\u021bia \u201eplictisitoare\u201d, datele \u0219i Planul Urbanistic General<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

De ce ajungem mereu \u00een acest punct mort? Pentru c\u0103 s\u0103rim etapele obligatorii. Regenerarea unei zone at\u00e2t de complexe precum Gara de Nord nu poate \u00eencepe \u00eenainte de a r\u0103spunde la o \u00eentrebare fundamental\u0103: Ce plan avem pentru Bucure\u0219ti? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u0103spunsul ar trebui s\u0103 se reg\u0103seasc\u0103 \u00een noul Plan Urbanistic General (PUG), documentul vital blocat de ani de zile \u00een sertarele administra\u021biei. F\u0103r\u0103 PUG, orice interven\u021bie este o improviza\u021bie. F\u0103r\u0103 PUG, nu \u0219tim dac\u0103 zona Grivi\u021ba trebuie s\u0103 fie pol de business sau zon\u0103 cultural\u0103, nu \u0219tim cum se va \u00eenchide inelul median \u0219i nici care sunt priorit\u0103\u021bile reale de densificare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Studiul pe care l-am publicat propune o schimbare radical\u0103 de paradigm\u0103. Acesta propune trecerea de la decizii instinctive la decizii bazate pe date (data-driven<\/em>). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 s\u0103 nu mai desen\u0103m parcuri \u00eenainte s\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103m fluxurile pietonale. \u00censeamn\u0103 analize de origine-destina\u021bie, modele de trafic calibrate pe comportamentul real al naveti\u0219tilor, studii de impact economic \u0219i de mediu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un ora\u0219 matur nu se construie\u0219te doar cu rand\u0103ri, ci mai ales cu date seci pe baza c\u0103rora sunt luate decizii fundamentate. Avem nevoie de inventarierea func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bilor, de auditul spa\u021biilor degradate precum Atelierele Grivi\u021ba sau Remiza Basarab \u0219i de integrarea lor \u00eentr-un tot unitar. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doar a\u0219a putem decide ce p\u0103str\u0103m, ce demol\u0103m \u0219i ce construim, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t investi\u021biile pe termen lung propuse \u00een zon\u0103 s\u0103 aib\u0103 sens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"noua<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Banii cost\u0103. Vremea \u201efondurilor gratis\u201d a trecut<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Exist\u0103 \u0219i un argument financiar pentru a opri delirul proiectelor fantasmagorice. Rom\u00e2nia intr\u0103 \u00eentr-o er\u0103 a responsabilit\u0103\u021bii fiscale, for\u021bat\u0103 de realit\u0103\u021bile economice locale \u0219i globale. Deficitul bugetar este o amenin\u021bare constant\u0103, iar fondurile europene nerambursabile vor deveni tot mai greu de accesat pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce priorit\u0103\u021bile UE se vor muta c\u0103tre reconstruc\u021bia Ucrainei sau extinderea \u00een Balcani.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Viitorul marilor proiecte de infrastructur\u0103 urban\u0103 va depinde inevitabil de parteneriatul public-privat (PPP). \u00cens\u0103 aici trebuie s\u0103 recunoa\u0219tem c\u0103 un investitor privat serios, nu doar o firm\u0103 de cas\u0103 abonat\u0103 la contracte cu statul, nu va investi niciodat\u0103 \u00eentr-un proiect bazat pe fanteziile unui primar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Capitalul privat cere predictibilitate, stabilitate juridic\u0103 \u0219i, mai presus de toate, rentabilitate demonstrabil\u0103.<\/strong> C\u00e2nd invi\u021bi investitorii pentru un \u201eparc suspendat\u201d f\u0103r\u0103 fundament economic, \u00eei alungi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen schimb, un proiect care demonstreaz\u0103, prin date, c\u0103 un tunel feroviar aduce peste 100.000 de naveti\u0219ti zilnic, c\u0103 o parcare de tip park & ride<\/em> va fi utilizat\u0103 la capacitate maxim\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103 regenerarea urban\u0103 cre\u0219te valoarea imobiliar\u0103 a zonei, ar putea s\u0103 devin\u0103 bancabil. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modele de succes exist\u0103, de la Canary Wharf din Londra p\u00e2n\u0103 la exemplul autohton al cartierului Coresi din Bra\u0219ov. Diferen\u021ba este c\u0103 acolo s-a plecat de la plan de afaceri \u0219i urbanism, nu de la un desen artistic.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suntem \u00eentr-un moment critic pentru viitorul Capitalei. Putem alege s\u0103 fim sedu\u0219i din nou de machete lucioase \u0219i promisiuni spectaculoase care, cel mai probabil, vor avea soarta autostr\u0103zii suspendate sau a pasajului Ciurel. Bani toca\u021bi pe h\u00e2rtii \u0219i zero rezultate func\u021bionale. Sau putem cere o pauz\u0103 de la spectacol \u0219i o \u00eentoarcere la plan\u0219et\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regenerarea G\u0103rii de Nord este obligatorie; zona actual\u0103 este o pat\u0103 pe obrazul unei capitale europene. Dar transformarea ei \u00eentr-un nod urban modern nu \u00eencepe cu beton turnat deasupra trenurilor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cencepe cu finalizarea PUG-ului, cu studii de trafic reale \u0219i cu \u00eendr\u0103zneala de a spune \u201enu\u201d proiectelor strict electorale. Dac\u0103 Bucure\u0219tiul vrea s\u0103 fie un ora\u0219 european, trebuie s\u0103 renun\u021be la \u201edemocra\u021bia original\u0103\u201d a improviza\u021biei \u0219i s\u0103 adopte modelul bazat pe expertiz\u0103. P\u00e2n\u0103 atunci, orice parc suspendat r\u0103m\u00e2ne doar o umbr\u0103 colorat\u0103 proiectat\u0103 peste o realitate gri.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Institutul Quartet<\/em><\/a> promoveaz\u0103 politici publice fundamentate pe dialog deschis \u0219i pe solu\u021bii aplicabile de c\u0103tre practicieni \u0219i institu\u021bii. Prin publica\u021biile sale \u0219i prin facilitarea \u00eent\u00e2lnirilor dintre exper\u021bi, public \u0219i factori de decizie, Institutul contribuie la dezbaterea informat\u0103 pe teme de interes regional, cu accent pe Europa Central\u0103 \u0219i de Est, Balcanii de Vest \u0219i regiunea M\u0103rii Negre.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Victor Mester<\/a> este consultant \u00een management, cu experien\u021b\u0103 \u00een fuziuni \u0219i achizi\u021bii, politici publice, digitalizare si eficientizare de procese. A lucrat \u00een sectorul privat la EY, Civitta si Horvath, printre altele. Este licen\u021biat in Rela\u021bii Economice Interna\u021bionale la Academia de Studii Economice din Bucure\u0219ti \u0219i absolvent al programului de masterat \u00een Managemnetul Inova\u021biei \u0219i Antreprenoriat la Aalborg University. Pasiunea lui este zona de infrastructur\u0103 de transport \u0219i dezvoltare urban\u0103, \u00een 2024 contribuind la studiul realizat de funda\u021bia Konrad Adenauer \u0219i Economic Policy Institute despre conectivitatea de mare viteza din Balcani cu o analiz\u0103 a situa\u021biei de fapt \u0219i a oportunit\u0103\u021bilor de dezvoltare din Romania.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bucure\u0219tiul are o rela\u021bie complicat\u0103 cu gravita\u021bia, cel pu\u021bin \u00een campaniile electorale. Dac\u0103 memoria ultimelor dou\u0103 decenii nu v-a fost \u0219tears\u0103 de ritmul haotic al tranzi\u021biei, cu siguran\u021b\u0103 v\u0103 aminti\u021bi de \u201eAutostrada suspendat\u0103\u201d a lui Sorin Oprescu. Acea promisiune faraonic\u0103, menit\u0103 s\u0103 rezolve traficul printr-o simpl\u0103 ridicare de la sol, a r\u0103mas o himer\u0103. Totu\u0219i, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":162482,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[6994,5762,24],"tags":[1941,25128,25129,104,25130,3825],"ppma_author":[22583],"class_list":["post-162478","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stiri-2","category-main","category-primarie","tag-gara-de-nord","tag-noua-gara-de-nord","tag-parcul-suspendat-de-la-gara-de-nord","tag-pmb","tag-proiect-gara-de-nord","tag-stelian-bujduveanu"],"acf":[],"a3_pvc":{"activated":false,"total_views":0,"today_views":0},"yoast_head":"\nDe la \u201eAutostrada suspendat\u0103\u201d la \u201eParcul suspendat\u201d. 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