{"id":108949,"date":"2024-12-01T18:02:49","date_gmt":"2024-12-01T15:02:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/buletin.de\/bucuresti\/?p=108949"},"modified":"2024-12-01T18:13:59","modified_gmt":"2024-12-01T15:13:59","slug":"parlamentarele-in-vremea-legionarilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buletin.de\/bucuresti\/parlamentarele-in-vremea-legionarilor\/","title":{"rendered":"Parlamentarele \u00een vremea legionarilor | \u201eAgen\u0163i electorali, cu ciomege serioase sub bra\u0163, spre a intimida pe aleg\u0103torii slabi de \u00eenger\u201d din Capital\u0103 (I)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Au trecut aproape 90 de ani de la alegerile generale din 1937, c\u00e2nd locuitorii Capitalei \u0219i rom\u00e2nii se confruntau cu pericolul legionar. Buletin de Bucure\u0219ti v\u0103 prezint\u0103 o scurt\u0103 radiografie realit\u0103\u021bilor din preajma alegerilor de atunci, a\u0219a cum o prezentau principalele ziare ale vremii, dar \u0219i cele de partid. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Am parcurs doar o parte din articolele cuprinse \u00een arhiva <\/strong>Arcanum<\/strong><\/a> despre violen\u021bele, incertitudinile \u0219i procesul electoral din anul \u00een care \u201eLegiunea\u201d a b\u0103tut la u\u0219a Parlamentului Rom\u00e2niei. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parlamentarele \u00een vremea legionarilor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201eZiua alegerilor pentru Camer\u0103 a \u00eenceput mohor\u00eet\u0103. O ploaie rece, deas\u0103, p\u0103trunz\u0103toare, a t\u0103iat av\u00e2ntul <\/em>agen\u0163ilor electorali<\/em><\/strong>, in\u015fii aceia cu must\u0103\u0163i pe oal\u0103, cu c\u0103ciuli pe ceaf\u0103 \u015fi <\/em>cu ciomege serioase sub bra\u0163, a c\u0103ror meserie e s\u0103 se \u00eenv\u00e2rteasc\u0103 cu \u00eenf\u0103\u0163i\u015f\u0103ri fioroase \u00een preajma sec\u0163iilor de votare spre a intimida pe aleg\u0103torii slabi de \u00eenger<\/em><\/strong>\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acesta este \u00eenceputul unui articol din 23 decembrie 1937, al ziarului Universul, unul dintre cele mai importante cotidiene din Bucure\u0219ti de la acea vreme, imediat dup\u0103 alegerile generale de acum 87 de ani.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Parlamentarele<\/a>
Votan\u021bii de la Sec\u021bia Lucaci din Capital\u0103. Imagine publicat\u0103 \u00een Ziarul Universul, 23 decembrie 1937. Surs\u0103 Foto: Arcanum.com.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Pe aceea\u0219i pagin\u0103 a ziarului din diminea\u021ba de decembrie, erau consemnate \u0219i un \u0219ir de violen\u021be care au umbrit alegerile din Bucure\u0219ti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poli\u021bia Capitalei comunica jurnali\u0219tilor de la Universul c\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 din primele minute dup\u0103 deschiderea urnelor grupurile de legionari au luat cu asalt sec\u021biile de votare. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Informa\u021biile false, fake-news-ul de azi, au f\u0103cut \u0219i atunci parte din campania pentru parlamentarele \u00een vremea legionarilor. Unul dintre cele mai importante \u201ezvonuri\u201d ale acelor zile tulburi sus\u021binea, laconic, c\u0103 s-a tras cu revolverul undeva \u00een Capital\u0103, spre Gh. Br\u0103tianu, liderul PNL. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Informa\u021biile au fost dezmin\u021bite ulterior.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Parlamentarele<\/a>
Captur\u0103 de ecran cu comunicatul Poli\u021biei Capitalei din 23 decembrie 1947. Ziarul Universul. Surs\u0103 Foto: Arcanum.com. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Legiunea vedea diferit \u201erealitatea\u201d alegerilor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Propaganda era consemnat\u0103 la minut \u00een acele zile tulburi. Ziarul Buna Vestire, una dintre \u201efi\u021buicile de partid\u201d ale \u201eLegiunii\u201d lui Corneliu Zelea Codreanu a scris despre violen\u021bele de la alegeri dintr-o cu totul alt\u0103 perspectiv\u0103, la rubrica local\u0103 destinat\u0103 Capitalei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eO agresiune s\u00e2ngeroas\u0103 provocat\u0103 de bandele de b\u0103t\u0103u\u015fi liberali. Pe c\u00e2nd un grup de 9 legionari sub conducerea d-lui avocat Petre Mare\u015f \u00eempr\u0103\u015ftia pe agen\u0163ii prim\u0103riei cari rupeau \u015fi acopereau afi\u015fele partidului \u201eTotul pentru \u0162ar\u0103\u201d apar 2 autobuze din cari coboar\u0103 peste <\/em>35\u201440 de agen\u0163i guvernamentali \u00eenarma\u0163i cu ciomege, cu\u0163ite, fiare, bastoane etc., napustindu-se cu furie asupra legionarilor<\/em><\/strong>\u201d<\/em>, <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Una<\/a>
Una dintre paginile Ziarului Buna Vestire publicat pe 23 decembrie 1937. Surs\u0103 Foto: Arcanum.com. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Printre \u0219tirile despre alegeri, \u00een \u201etribuna partidului Totul pentru \u021aar\u0103\u201d, legionarii din Capital\u0103 \u0219i prietenii lor erau ruga\u021bi s\u0103 se aprovizioneze de s\u0103rb\u0103tori de la \u201eConsumul Legionar-Obor\u201d – o afacere de partid.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
O parte dintre anun\u021burile din edi\u021bia de pe 23 decembrie a Ziarului Buna Vestire. Surs\u0103 Foto: Arcanum.com. <\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Imnurile intimid\u0103rii, c\u00e2ntate din camion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Zilele \u00een care bucure\u015ftenii \u0219i-au ales \u00een 1937 deputa\u021bii \u0219i senatorii nu au fost doar despre violen\u021be, ci \u015fi despre intimidarea cet\u0103\u021benilor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen multe zone ale Capitalei, era o practic\u0103 \u00een r\u00e2ndul adep\u021bilor lui Corneliu Zelea Codreanu s\u0103 intoneze imnurile legionare, \u00een grupuri, \u00een timp ce se deplasau \u00een camioane. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eAu impresionat peste tot membrii partidului Totul pentru \u0163ar\u0103, care soseau \u00een camioane automobile, disciplina\u0163i, cumin\u0163i, c\u00e2nt\u00e2nd imnuri legionare. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen\u015fi\u015fi adversarii politici au avut cavalerismul s\u0103 recunoasc\u0103 perfecta \u0163inut\u0103 a partizanilor d-lui Codreanu\u201d<\/em>, scriau jurnali\u0219tii Universul, obi\u0219nui\u021bi deja cu violen\u0163ele, care au fost prezen\u021bi pe teren \u00een zilele alegerilor. <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Parlamentarele<\/a>
Parlamentarele \u00een vremea legionarilor. Cum se deplasau la vot. Imagine din Ziarul Universul, 23 decembrie 1937. Surs\u0103 Foto: Arcanum.com. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00cen ciuda agita\u021biei acelor zile, delega\u021bii din sec\u021biile de vot au avut parte \u0219i de o \u201esiesta rom\u00e2neasc\u0103\u201d. \u00cen jurul orelor de pr\u00e2nz urnele s-au \u00eenchis timp de dou\u0103 ore, pentru o meritat\u0103 (sau nu) pauz\u0103 de mas\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eVotarea, \u00eentrerupt\u0103 dou\u0103 ore pentru mas\u0103, a continuat dup\u0103 amiaz\u0103… mai animat\u0103, parc\u0103. Num\u0103rul votan\u0163ilor a sporit \u015fi prin participarea celor cari au p\u0103strat diminea\u0163a o expectativ\u0103 pruden\u0163\u0103, de teama unor eventuale incidente. Incidentele au lipsit \u00eens\u0103, \u015fi pruden\u0163ii \u015fi-au luat inima \u00een din\u0163i\u201d<\/em>, mai scrie cotidianul. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La \u00eenceputul lunii decembrie 1937, Dem Dobrescu, fostul primar \u021b\u0103r\u0103nist al Capitalei \u00eentre 1929 \u0219i 1934, prevestea un rezultat \u201edezastruos\u201d la alegerile parlamentare din preajma Cr\u0103ciunului, pentru c\u0103 rom\u00e2nii s-au s\u0103turat de \u201epoliticiani cari \u015fi-au b\u0103tut joc de aceast\u0103 \u0163ar\u0103, prin necinstea \u015fi nepriceperea lor\u201c. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
Decala\u021bia lui Dem Dobrescu din 8 decembrie 1937, publicat\u0103 de Ziarul Universul. Surs\u0103 Foto: Arcanum.com. <\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00cen zilele de dinaintea alegerilor, \u0219tirile despre violen\u021bele din Bucure\u0219ti \u0219i Ilfov se \u021bineau lan\u021b pe paginile ziarelor vremii. \u00cens\u0103, printre \u201e\u00eenc\u0103ier\u0103ri\u201d s\u00e2ngeroase \u00ee\u0219i f\u0103ceau apari\u021bia \u0219i ve\u0219tile bune, care anun\u021bau rom\u00e2nii c\u0103 \u00een timpul alegerilor \u201ec\u00e2rciumile \u0219i restaurantele vor fi deschise\u201d. 
<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
Incidente \u0219i anun\u021buri din 20 decembrie 1937, ziarul Universul. Surs\u0103 Foto: Arcanum.com. <\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Totu\u0219i, incertitudine din decembrie 1937 au mobilizat rom\u00e2nii la urne, chiar dac\u0103 vremea capricioas\u0103 \u00eei obliga s\u0103 stea la cozi cu umbrelele \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eAleg\u0103torii se dovedesc con\u015ftien\u0163i de rostul lor \u015fi \u00een ciuda vremii, cu umbrelele deschise, a\u015fteapt\u0103 la r\u00e2nd, pe trotuar, s\u0103 intre la vot. \u015ei pretutindeni lini\u015fte \u0219i ordine, de parc\u0103 nici n-ar fi….alegeri\u201d<\/em>, se mai arat\u0103 \u00een Ziarul Universul din data de 23 decembrie 1937. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ziarele din interbelic<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00centre cele dou\u0103 r\u0103zboaie mondiale, \u00een Rom\u00e2nia au dominat c\u00e2teva mari ziare, arat\u0103 manualele de istoria presei din care \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 studen\u021bii de la Facultatea de Jurnalism din Bucure\u0219ti (FJSC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Universul (1877-1954) – <\/strong>\u201eZiarul a promovat o politic\u0103 de dreapta \u015fi este de mirare c\u0103 a rezistat p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een anul 1954, deci c\u00e2\u0163iva ani \u00een plin regim comunist. Ziarul s-a bucurat de popularitate datorit\u0103 formatului magazinistic \u015fi profesionalismului jurnali\u015ftilor. Partea literar\u0103, de pild\u0103, avea \u00eentre colaboratori pe Camil Petrescu, Perpessicius, Vasile Voiculescu, Ion Barbu, G. C\u0103linescu, Mircea Eliade, dar \u015fi autori de st\u00e2nga, precum Mihai Beniuc, Zaharia Stancu\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u200b\u200bAdev\u0103rul \u015fi Diminea\u0163a<\/strong> – \u201eerau mai aproape de st\u00e2nga e\u015fichierului politic \u015fi se adresau maselor largi populare, intelectualilor cu vederi de st\u00e2nga, \u00eempotrivindu-se, prin polemici virulente, extremei drepte\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

De asemenea, presa acelor vremuri era \u00eemp\u00e2nzit\u0103 de ziare de propagand\u0103 legionar\u0103, conform aceleia\u0219i surse. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buna Vestire –  <\/strong>\u201ea fost un cotidian (\u201cZiar liber de lupt\u0103 \u015fi doctrin\u0103 rom\u00e2neasc\u0103\u201d) ap\u0103rut la Bucure\u015fti, \u00eentre 22 februarie 1937 \u015fi 17 aprilie 1938, c\u00e2nd este suspendat, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu alte publica\u0163ii, conform noii Legi a presei, impus\u0103 de Carol al II-lea la \u00eenceputul dictaturii sale. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ziarul a reap\u0103rut la 8 septembrie 1940, continu\u00e2nd p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 22 ianuarie 1941, cu subtitlul \u201cZiar de via\u0163\u0103 \u015fi lupt\u0103 legionar\u0103\u201d. Ziarul tip\u0103re\u015fte numeroase articole av\u00e2nd caracter antisemit, anticomunist \u015fi profascist, manifeste prolegionare, articole elogioase la adresa lui Ion Antonescu sau a G\u0103rzii de Fier\u201d<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Au trecut aproape 90 de ani de la alegerile generale din 1937, c\u00e2nd locuitorii Capitalei \u0219i rom\u00e2nii se confruntau cu pericolul legionar. Buletin de Bucure\u0219ti v\u0103 prezint\u0103 o scurt\u0103 radiografie realit\u0103\u021bilor din preajma alegerilor de atunci, a\u0219a cum o prezentau principalele ziare ale vremii, dar \u0219i cele de partid. Am parcurs doar o parte din […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":108976,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6994,5762,9025],"tags":[17280,363,17284,1694,17285,17281,2063,2054,17283,4876,17279,17278,17282,4468,17286],"ppma_author":[22576],"class_list":["post-108949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stiri-2","category-main","category-politic","tag-17280","tag-alegeri","tag-alegeri-generale","tag-alegeri-parlamentare","tag-arhiva-2","tag-bratianu-2","tag-bucuresti-2","tag-capitala","tag-corneliu-zelea-codreanu","tag-decembrie","tag-interbelic","tag-legionari","tag-totul-pentru-tara","tag-violente-2","tag-ziare"],"acf":[],"a3_pvc":{"activated":false,"total_views":0,"today_views":0},"yoast_head":"\nParlamentarele \u00een vremea legionarilor | \u201eAgen\u0163i electorali, cu ciomege serioase sub bra\u0163, spre a intimida pe aleg\u0103torii slabi de \u00eenger\u201d din Capital\u0103 (I) - 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